Compare and contrast the characters of Rebecca Nurse and John Proctor

John Proctor is a person, a citizen, a spouse, and very well- respected member of the community. All of this is represented by his name. The name of John Proctor could be considered his most prized possession that he would never let anything happen to it. It is his most priceless asset. Proctor does not set out with any intentions of hurting someone he is very strong-willed and caring. Rebecca Nurse is the wife of Francis Nurse a judge. Rebecca is known of the most well-respected and good citizen and kindly of Salem. She is admired because of her honesty and truthfulness. In comparison John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse is very much respected in their society. Both found themselves as a victim of the witch craft accusations, both Rebecca and John had similarity in honesty their response was what showed their differences. Rebecca nurse did not seem to be moved by the pressures of diverting from the truth; John Proctor faced a big challenge in telling the truth about his standing with witch-craft. The town’s people’s thought of John Proctor’s and Rebecca Nurse’s characters is of a similar standing. Both portray themselves as good, honest, and God-fearing people. John Proctor’s strength is being manly which adds to him being a strong and truthful character. John Proctor being manly can be contrasted to the strength of Rebecca Nurse not physically, but strength in Character as of goodness, caring and truth. The characteristic of Rebecca Nurse could be seen especially towards the end of the play where she was not even moved by pressures in telling the truth at the expense of her life instead, she tried to convince John proctor to tell the truth: â€Å"REBECCA: Why, it is a lie, it is a lie; how may I damn myself? Oh John God send his mercy on you†. Although Rebecca Nurse was above reproach in her everyday life, John Proctor wasn’t. He had an affair with younger age girl . This also shows the differences in the strength of goodness shown by both characters. At the end of the play, both Rebecca Nurse and John Proctor they refused to accept the witch-craft accusations made against them although John Proctor took some time before he actually settled for the truth.

Personal and professional development Essay

Self managed training is a when an individual plans, executes and evaluates his or her own learning. The learner is in control of when learning can happen, the duration and the learning experience or outcome. It is important to always review and adapt your training plan. It is unproductive to remain rigid with the plan, and allowing adaptations will improve its applicability and suitability to individual needs. On the job training is another way to self manage training as it allows the individual to apply what they have learnt to real life experience and develop their skill set by actively taking on tasks and duties within their role. This allows the individual to understand their skill set and realize any deficiencies which can be rectified through on the job learning. Learning such as this is lifelong and it is only by exposure to new tasks that the person can develop. This can be applied whilst working. Again a plan can help to keep you on track and provides a reminder of the objectives you have set. Self managed training allows individuals to learn at their own pace while managing their time constraints and work duties. It gives control back to students in deciding how they take on the learning, how much they learn and the content they learn. This, in turn, can make happier and therefore more successful students as they will be able to apply a concentrated effort to the tasks at hand rather than spread themselves thin in meeting deadlines, learning courses that don’t interest them and balancing work at the same time. 1. 2: Proposing ways in which lifelong learning in personal and professional contexts can be encouraged. There are no formal institutions instead it’s an on-going process where one learns from day-to-day interactions with different people, by observing the world around us and imbibe them to form a definite ‘knowledge’ of what has been experienced by the individual (Herminia, 2003). Lifelong learning in a professional context can be encouraged by providing incentives such as monetary rewards and career development. These are well suited to the most ambitious employees who thrive on challenge and have a deep rooted interest in self development. This has the benefit of companies retaining their employees, as developing their skill set will result in a diverse work force that can tackle many problems. Employees that feel invaluable to their company will thrive and perform better knowing they are a vital part of the workforce. In a personal context, it is important to appeal to the individual based on their personality, their life experiences and their future ambitions. The realization of personal development and its applicability to their future goals will enable them to realize their potential and motivate them to continuously learn and develop. 1. 3: Evaluating the benefits of self-managed learning to the individual and organisation In self managed learning the individual is solely responsible for their own learning and time management. In order to see if this method is effective for the individual, a comparative analysis can be undertaken where any change in work output has occurred after successful completion of the course. An improvement in performance would suggest the training was well received. A further promotion would be a strong indicator of how effective the overall process was. Another indicator is if upon successful completion of a course, if the individual has volunteered for further courses as it shows they have been encouraged to accomplish more and the style of learning was well suited to them. For the employer, if self managed learning has proved to be successful through a visible improvement in employees work output then it is evidenced that it has been useful. It is also beneficial in that the organization does not need to invest more time, effort or money towards the process of self development for individuals thereby saving extra costs for the company but simultaneously consistently improving their work force and making them more efficient. Through the method of self managed learning operational costs can be brought down by not having to spend more money on arranging workshops and further courses internally. By improving their workforce through self managed learning they can utilize employees within the organization to carry out more specialized duties instead of outsourcing to external employees. The progression path can be monitored through arranging regular reviews and collating information on work performance, this information can be stored on a database to compare in reviews and track progress. This is also useful to highlight any changes to be made to further improve. It has also been corroborated that self-managed learning benefits the individual and well the organisation (Murphy-Latta, 2008). TASK 2 2. 1: Evaluating one’s own current skills and competencies against professional standards and organisational standards During the meeting with the training manager of United Utilities I discussed methods to evaluate competencies skills against standards both professional and organizational. The employee review each month with the manager can be compared with the organizational standards to check for areas of improvement and whether employee is reaching targets. The competencies within professional standards can then be used to identify the current skills that the individual has achieved and what more he/she need to do to reach a professional standard. A log or journal of the individuals owns learning and performance can be an ideal way to record progress. Thus, one’s own current skills and competencies do contribute to set a definite professional standards and organizational standards (Bandura, 1997). 2. 2: Identifying own developmental needs and the activities required to meet them In order to identify own development needs it is helpful if a record of learning is kept. Individuals can use a diary or log to do this and can look back at this to reflect and decide on a way forward. This is an opportunity to self reflect, analyse and highlight weaknesses. The individual when put through self-managed learning process he or she would be well aware about their own positive as well as negative sides (Jasper, 2006). A review or a meeting with your manager is a good way to seek advice on areas of concern that may need to be developed. The professional and organizational standards must always be referred to in order to compare and form an idea about the skills that need to be enhanced. The skills or competencies that are highlighted as weak can then be focused on to improve. The training manager can be informed of these issues and suggest the relevant training/course which is beneficial for those issues. 2. 3: Identifying development opportunities to meet current and future defined needs A regular review with managers and trainers is the best way forward as this gives the individual an opportunity to identify which activities are proving to be difficult. It is also a chance for the individual to voice their concerns and request additional training that they feel will be beneficial. Employees can be proactive and request to be placed onto a course that they feel will be beneficial. An employee could devise a business plan to show to the manager how the course will benefit the employee and how it will achieve development needs. The objective and goals should be outlined in the plan and a time frame given to achieve those goals including any reasonable steps that should be taken to achieving said goals. 2. 4: Devising a personal and professional development plan based on identified needs Once development needs have been identified and established, a plan should be implemented to tackle those issues. The plan must include both the personal and professional development as the success in one will inevitably lead to success in the other. The plan must specify objectives that reflect the individual’s needs and how the objectives can be achieved alongside a reasonable timescale. Each objective may have an associated set of steps or actions which will enable the objective to be met in a timely manner. The development needs or gaps in knowledge are normally a priority objective before further development can ensue. A chat with your manager, colleagues or other professionals may ascertain any gaps in knowledge or issues to improve on. The plan should allow for some flexibility upon periodic progress reviews. TASK 3 3. 1: The process and activities required to implement the development plan The process required to implement the development plan occurs after identifying the development needs and once the plan has been arranged. In this case the BT PLC Group human resources manager will need to identify the course that is relevant for employees and will need to assess the workforce and establish what percentage of the workforce can attend training. The company has to remain operational therefore it is important to work out a schedule for employees to attend training/courses without sacrificing current company strategy. The next phase is to make arrangements regarding the actual training program, where the course will be held, for how long and enlisting our services as a training provider. A timetable has to be arranged, fees established and enrolment conducted. 3. 2: Undertaking and document development activities as planned Development activities can be documented by having a record of activities that are derived from the development plan needs that were established. After each training session a form or list can be issued to evaluate what the learner has achieved. This can then be compared to the actual objectives to tick off targets that have been met. This method can also highlight anyone who is struggling to meet targets, which gives the trainer a chance to create other ways to fulfil those goals by making adjustments to their learning plans and varying methods of delivery of the course. The person in charge of the individual’s development prepares a suitable method of recording progress made through adhering to the plan. The documents then get cross-checked by the superior in the administration and approval for the changes is secured from the ultimate authority. At every point in implementing the development program, any progress, accomplishment or changes of the tasks is signed by senior authorities in charge to confirm it has been approved. 3. 3: Critically reflecting on own learning against original aims and objectives set in the developmental plan The learner can critically reflect on own learning by reviewing after each training session what they have learnt or achieved. This can be either done individually or discussed with the trainer. Where there were areas that learners struggled on, those issues can be discussed and an alteration within the action plan will focus the learner. Testing learners is another way to establish what they have been successful in and what they haven’t. An overall score can be given to realize any further areas of development. Learning progress must be compared to the original aims and objectives that were suggested in the development plan. A comparison can be made with the actual learning and the objectives, so as to view where there are any gaps remaining if any. 3. 4 How to update reflect critically on own learning against original aims and objectives set in the development plan Based on the review and evaluation of own learning it is then important to adjust the development plan specifying those areas that still need to be concentrated on. The adjusted plan of action will specify how this can be achieved and set a realistic time frame. The development plan must be reviewed again once this further change of action has been addressed to see how much improvement has been made. The process of planning and reviewing is a lifelong learning tool that will enable the learner to gain knowledge about their own capabilities and to develop a sense of self awareness. TASK 4 4. 1: Selecting work based solution on various situational problems The presentation that I will conduct with employees of Hounslow Council as requested by their Human resources manager is regarding work based solutions on various situational problems. In the presentation I will hand out a document with a quiz in order to interact with the audience. There will be ten questions each giving a scenario with an example of a work based problem. There will be four options listed for the learners to choose from. The learners will need to answer each question keeping in mind the best possible solution. A prize will be offered to the person with the most points out of ten. An example of a one of the questions is if an employee has a voluntary dinner conference at a graduate bureau but then an emergency meeting is arranged for the employee with the manager. Four possible answers are given and the learner must select one. Once the papers are marked, a discussion can occur between learners attending the workshop regarding the answers. Learners gain knowledge on handling work based problems in a relaxed and interactive way. 4. 2: The various communication methods available for being effective at workplace and various situations to use it There are many methods of communication in the workplace with the increasing influence of technology and its usefulness. The different methods are firstly, written communication which can be paper based that can be stored in files for later references and also in digital format such as e-mails and fax (Murphy-Latta, 2008). Written communication is mostly used by the companies to communicate in the workplace. If there is a crisis such as documents stored on the computer deleted in error then written documents can be used as testimonials. Secondly, it is oral communication, either face to face or over the telephone and now with latest technology Skype is an alternative. Oral communication is mostly used in the stock exchanges where everyone is within the audible reach (Susan, 2002). Meetings can provide an opportunity to communicate face to face and can be an effective method to liaise with colleagues and provide the ideal environment for collaborative endeavours. Speaking over the telephone can be a hindrance depending on the quality of the phone line, also relying on people actually answering the phone. However, telephone conferences are a good method of briefing employees, which can save companies time and money. Thirdly, latest technology such as emails, internal memos, fax and intranet sites are effective as it is an instant method to communicate information within the company as it is quick, easy and cost effective. 4. 3: The various factors of time management and strategies Time management is one of the most important elements of successful work and being recognized as an efficient employee. There are various factors on which time management depends such as individual characteristics of the employees, balance in one’s work life, and the influence of the organisation on the individual, the usage of the latest technology that saves time and adds to the accuracy (Golding and Gray, 2006). In order to efficiently manage time employees should plan tasks according to the priority. Employees must be aware of the risk of distraction and wasting time in conducting tasks which will inevitably affect productivity. This eventuality will in turn affect revenue of the company and the employee job security. The strategy to manage time is to plan ahead in all tasks, keeping a checklist of tasks to do and updating this as tasks are being completed. Prioritise the most important or relevant jobs to do, also allocating sufficient time is vital to enable the task to be performed correctly.

Bilingual Education

By broadening a student’s scope to two or more languages, students hold an advantage when entering the professional world. The professional world is where work gets serious and adults have to face the real world problems. Essentially, in the 21st century adults cannot get by at work with just one language. For example, even employees of local ninety-nine cents stores are familiar with two languages such as Spanish and English. If bilingual education can affect such a mediocre job, who knows what fluency in many languages can do in the professional world. Today, in most Los Angeles Public Schools, the students are not all fluent English speakers. There are students who speak several languages other than English, students who only speak English, and even students who only speak one uncommon native language. In result, schools are filled with diverse groups of students, which is ultimately why Los Angeles Public schools have to prepare all of these numerous groups for their successful future. It is the responsibility of Los Angeles Public schools to require bilingual education because fluency in multiple languages not only benefits the self but also aids the surrounding community. Bilingual and multilingual speakers have greater long-term health benefits than do monolingual speakers. New studies have shown that bilingualism reduces the chances of developing Alzheimer, a common form of dementia. Recently, Dr. Ellen Bialystok carried out a study for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer at York University in Toronto. In leading the study, she stated, â€Å"[Bilingual] [people] perform at a higher level. It won’t stop you [from] getting Alzheimer’s disease but they can cope with the disease for longer (Derbyshire 1). † Dealing with bilingual education might be complex and strenuous, but all of the hard work pays off in the end because one will receive an education in two languages and also reduce his/her chances of Alzheimer. Although the effects of bilingual education do not guarantee the prevention of Alzheimer, the results do help fight the disorder longer than monolingual patients can fight it. Aside from the bilingual education’s relationship with Alzheimer, as long as bilingualism plays as a beneficial factor in education first and foremost, there should be no other reason why bilingual education is not required. Giving up a bilingual education program because of money matters is not worth the loss, because bilingual education can produce just as much fruitful results in the future as it is now when people are not spending money on education. It is a lost opportunity in enhancing California’s education system. In relation to enduring Alzheimer for a longer period, bilingual education also benefits the self as it enhances cognitive skills. Because bilingual education calls for the constant switch of language, students enrolled in the program develop enhanced cognitive skills. Cognitive skills more or less mean the skills of the brain. Bilingual education greatly affects a person usually as an infant, because there is a chance to grasp an equal amount of knowledge for both languages. Janet Werker, a developmental psychologist from the Univeirsity of B. C. , was studying babies growing up in bilingual environments. In her studies, she discovered that, â€Å"not only could [bilingual] [babies] distinguish between the two languages [they] [are] [familiar] [with], but that they also were able to distinguish between languages they weren’t familiar with, such as English and French (Sun 1). † Werker’s study portrays how bilingual education can affect the brain at such a young age. The distinction between monolingual and bilingual people is declared at the baby stages, which range from the time of birth to about two years old, of peoples’ lives. Although distinguishing between two languages might not be a specific benefit, the fact that a baby can differentiate between English and French portrays that bilingual education is effective in mental challenges. In addition, Dr. Ellen Bialystok, the leader of the Alzheimer study at York University, believes in enhanced cognitive skills as well. In the article â€Å"People who speak two languages are ‘better at multi-tasking and less likely to develop Alzheimer’s’† she states, â€Å"Switching between languages is a stimulating activity – it is like carrying out brain exercises which builds up higher levels of what we call brain or cognitive reserve (Derbyshire 2). † Because the act of constantly switching back to other languages exercises the brain, the practice allows bilingual people to become more adept in multi-tasking and excel in mental challenges. The fact that learning to speak two languages enriches brain activity already proves that bilingual education has a beneficial factor towards students. Not only will bilingualism cause brain exercises, but it will also help prevent dementia because juggling two languages improves brain activity. Of course all of these benefits are void now that Proposition 227 is passed. The implementation of Proposition 227 obstructs the opportunity and benefits of the students. Proposition 227 requires publics schools to teach and give out instructions in English only, if not otherwise suggested by the parents. The proposition was passed on June 2, 1998 with a sixty-one to thirty-nine percent margin. The â€Å"California Proposition 227 and Bilingualism† article states, â€Å"[Proposition] [227] would essentially require all students to learn English in one year, even though many children need several years of language support (Migration World Magazine 1). † The only reason why Proposition 227 was passed is because people are too impatient. People cannot wait on long-term effects, so instead they search for immediate gratification. Parents are too stubborn to realize the educational, professional, and health benefits that follow a bilingual education program. Moreover, Valery Fadeyev, a well-known journalist states, â€Å"[The] [authorities] don’t understand that education reform is the only real source for the revitalization of our country (Levy 5). † Clearly, the same situation of being oblivious to the bilingual education occurs in America as it already does in Russia. Furthermore, Amy Zabetakis, the author of Proposition 227: Death for Bilingual Education, states that â€Å"Ron K. Unz, a millionaire software developer, [led] the campaign in support of Proposition 227, and himself gave the campaign $270,000 (Zbetakis 2). † Opponents of bilingual education are arguing that they cannot afford the textbooks for the program, but here we have a millionaire wasting $270,000 on a single campaign. Truthfully, it is sad to here Zabetakis support Ron K. Unz when the man does not even know how to spend his money. If all that money did not go to campaigning, many public schools would have benefited from the textbooks that contain bilingual education. Although businessmen like Unz do not support bilingual education, successful companies like his hire employees with bilingual backgrounds. In the long run, the business world would greatly benefit from the requirement of a bilingual education. The skill of speaking more than one language is a key and crucial element of business, which is why the installment of bilingual education is stressed upon heavily. All types of business involve meeting people from all over the world, whether it may be dealing with a simple phone call from across the world or as complex as flying out to a foreign country for a business meeting. In either situation, bilingual people hold an advantage with the knowledge of more than one language. Domenico Maceri, the writer of â€Å"Plural Benefits of Bilingual Education,† states, â€Å"Smart companies use many ways to communicate with their customers and inform them about services and products† (Maceri 1). A subtle interpretation of Maceri’s quote is that smart Los Angeles public schools use many ways to communicate with their students, which is ultimately achieved through a bilingual education program. In addition, Maceri’s assertion about exploiting different communication tactics implies that bilingualism is bound to bring in better results than monolingualism because different communication tactics cannot be reached through a single language. Monolingualism reaches its restrictions and limitations quickly, whereas bilingualism allows for more options and choices. An example that best displays the successfulness of bilingual communication tactics is the Verizon Wireless advertisement. Verizon Wireless would not have been as successful as they are currently if it was not for its multiple advertisements translated into several foreign languages. Now, the advertisement is grabbing attention to a bigger community, instead of limiting their customers to only native English speakers. The most important point about this example is that none of these positive results would have been reached if it were not for the requirement of bilingual education. All the big companies were capable of producing multiple foreign advertisements because they had employees who experienced a bilingual education. Bilingual education in Los Angeles Public Schools should adhere to the callings of the individual student. Because not everyone speaks and understands the same languages, some students, more than others, hold an advantage or disadvantage when placed in bilingual education. Everyone has dreams they want to accomplish one day and in order to achieve them people need time. By allowing bilingual education to become optional, Los Angeles Public Schools could possibly see a rise in grade point average. This change would also allow more opportunity to focus on activities that actually interest the students. Then students would ultimately become one step closer in attaining their dreams. Works Cited â€Å"California Proposition 227 and Bilingualism. † Migration World Magazine 26. 4. Print. Derbyshire, David. â€Å"People Who Speak Two Languages Are ‘better at Multi-tasking and Less Likely to Develop Alzheimer’s'† Mail Online. Print. Levy, Clifford J. â€Å"My Family’s Experiment in Extreme Schooling. † New York Times. New York Times, 18 Sept. 2011. Web 17 Sept. 2011 Maceri, Domenico. â€Å"Plural Benefits of Bilingual Education. † San Gabriel Valley Tribune (California) (2006). Print. Sun, Vancouver. â€Å"The Benefits of Bilingual Education. † The Vancouver Sun (British Columbia). Print. Zabetakis, Amy. â€Å"PROPOSITION 227: DEATH FOR BILINGUAL EDUCATION? † Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 105-28 13. 1 (1998). Web. 18 Oct. 2011. Bilingual Education By broadening a student’s scope to two or more languages, students hold an advantage when entering the professional world. The professional world is where work gets serious and adults have to face the real world problems. Essentially, in the 21st century adults cannot get by at work with just one language. For example, even employees of local ninety-nine cents stores are familiar with two languages such as Spanish and English. If bilingual education can affect such a mediocre job, who knows what fluency in many languages can do in the professional world. Today, in most Los Angeles Public Schools, the students are not all fluent English speakers. There are students who speak several languages other than English, students who only speak English, and even students who only speak one uncommon native language. In result, schools are filled with diverse groups of students, which is ultimately why Los Angeles Public schools have to prepare all of these numerous groups for their successful future. It is the responsibility of Los Angeles Public schools to require bilingual education because fluency in multiple languages not only benefits the self but also aids the surrounding community. Bilingual and multilingual speakers have greater long-term health benefits than do monolingual speakers. New studies have shown that bilingualism reduces the chances of developing Alzheimer, a common form of dementia. Recently, Dr. Ellen Bialystok carried out a study for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer at York University in Toronto. In leading the study, she stated, â€Å"[Bilingual] [people] perform at a higher level. It won’t stop you [from] getting Alzheimer’s disease but they can cope with the disease for longer (Derbyshire 1). † Dealing with bilingual education might be complex and strenuous, but all of the hard work pays off in the end because one will receive an education in two languages and also reduce his/her chances of Alzheimer. Although the effects of bilingual education do not guarantee the prevention of Alzheimer, the results do help fight the disorder longer than monolingual patients can fight it. Aside from the bilingual education’s relationship with Alzheimer, as long as bilingualism plays as a beneficial factor in education first and foremost, there should be no other reason why bilingual education is not required. Giving up a bilingual education program because of money matters is not worth the loss, because bilingual education can produce just as much fruitful results in the future as it is now when people are not spending money on education. It is a lost opportunity in enhancing California’s education system. In relation to enduring Alzheimer for a longer period, bilingual education also benefits the self as it enhances cognitive skills. Because bilingual education calls for the constant switch of language, students enrolled in the program develop enhanced cognitive skills. Cognitive skills more or less mean the skills of the brain. Bilingual education greatly affects a person usually as an infant, because there is a chance to grasp an equal amount of knowledge for both languages. Janet Werker, a developmental psychologist from the Univeirsity of B. C. , was studying babies growing up in bilingual environments. In her studies, she discovered that, â€Å"not only could [bilingual] [babies] distinguish between the two languages [they] [are] [familiar] [with], but that they also were able to distinguish between languages they weren’t familiar with, such as English and French (Sun 1). † Werker’s study portrays how bilingual education can affect the brain at such a young age. The distinction between monolingual and bilingual people is declared at the baby stages, which range from the time of birth to about two years old, of peoples’ lives. Although distinguishing between two languages might not be a specific benefit, the fact that a baby can differentiate between English and French portrays that bilingual education is effective in mental challenges. In addition, Dr. Ellen Bialystok, the leader of the Alzheimer study at York University, believes in enhanced cognitive skills as well. In the article â€Å"People who speak two languages are ‘better at multi-tasking and less likely to develop Alzheimer’s’† she states, â€Å"Switching between languages is a stimulating activity – it is like carrying out brain exercises which builds up higher levels of what we call brain or cognitive reserve (Derbyshire 2). † Because the act of constantly switching back to other languages exercises the brain, the practice allows bilingual people to become more adept in multi-tasking and excel in mental challenges. The fact that learning to speak two languages enriches brain activity already proves that bilingual education has a beneficial factor towards students. Not only will bilingualism cause brain exercises, but it will also help prevent dementia because juggling two languages improves brain activity. Of course all of these benefits are void now that Proposition 227 is passed. The implementation of Proposition 227 obstructs the opportunity and benefits of the students. Proposition 227 requires publics schools to teach and give out instructions in English only, if not otherwise suggested by the parents. The proposition was passed on June 2, 1998 with a sixty-one to thirty-nine percent margin. The â€Å"California Proposition 227 and Bilingualism† article states, â€Å"[Proposition] [227] would essentially require all students to learn English in one year, even though many children need several years of language support (Migration World Magazine 1). † The only reason why Proposition 227 was passed is because people are too impatient. People cannot wait on long-term effects, so instead they search for immediate gratification. Parents are too stubborn to realize the educational, professional, and health benefits that follow a bilingual education program. Moreover, Valery Fadeyev, a well-known journalist states, â€Å"[The] [authorities] don’t understand that education reform is the only real source for the revitalization of our country (Levy 5). † Clearly, the same situation of being oblivious to the bilingual education occurs in America as it already does in Russia. Furthermore, Amy Zabetakis, the author of Proposition 227: Death for Bilingual Education, states that â€Å"Ron K. Unz, a millionaire software developer, [led] the campaign in support of Proposition 227, and himself gave the campaign $270,000 (Zbetakis 2). † Opponents of bilingual education are arguing that they cannot afford the textbooks for the program, but here we have a millionaire wasting $270,000 on a single campaign. Truthfully, it is sad to here Zabetakis support Ron K. Unz when the man does not even know how to spend his money. If all that money did not go to campaigning, many public schools would have benefited from the textbooks that contain bilingual education. Although businessmen like Unz do not support bilingual education, successful companies like his hire employees with bilingual backgrounds. In the long run, the business world would greatly benefit from the requirement of a bilingual education. The skill of speaking more than one language is a key and crucial element of business, which is why the installment of bilingual education is stressed upon heavily. All types of business involve meeting people from all over the world, whether it may be dealing with a simple phone call from across the world or as complex as flying out to a foreign country for a business meeting. In either situation, bilingual people hold an advantage with the knowledge of more than one language. Domenico Maceri, the writer of â€Å"Plural Benefits of Bilingual Education,† states, â€Å"Smart companies use many ways to communicate with their customers and inform them about services and products† (Maceri 1). A subtle interpretation of Maceri’s quote is that smart Los Angeles public schools use many ways to communicate with their students, which is ultimately achieved through a bilingual education program. In addition, Maceri’s assertion about exploiting different communication tactics implies that bilingualism is bound to bring in better results than monolingualism because different communication tactics cannot be reached through a single language. Monolingualism reaches its restrictions and limitations quickly, whereas bilingualism allows for more options and choices. An example that best displays the successfulness of bilingual communication tactics is the Verizon Wireless advertisement. Verizon Wireless would not have been as successful as they are currently if it was not for its multiple advertisements translated into several foreign languages. Now, the advertisement is grabbing attention to a bigger community, instead of limiting their customers to only native English speakers. The most important point about this example is that none of these positive results would have been reached if it were not for the requirement of bilingual education. All the big companies were capable of producing multiple foreign advertisements because they had employees who experienced a bilingual education. Bilingual education in Los Angeles Public Schools should adhere to the callings of the individual student. Because not everyone speaks and understands the same languages, some students, more than others, hold an advantage or disadvantage when placed in bilingual education. Everyone has dreams they want to accomplish one day and in order to achieve them people need time. By allowing bilingual education to become optional, Los Angeles Public Schools could possibly see a rise in grade point average. This change would also allow more opportunity to focus on activities that actually interest the students. Then students would ultimately become one step closer in attaining their dreams. Works Cited â€Å"California Proposition 227 and Bilingualism. † Migration World Magazine 26. 4. Print. Derbyshire, David. â€Å"People Who Speak Two Languages Are ‘better at Multi-tasking and Less Likely to Develop Alzheimer’s'† Mail Online. Print. Levy, Clifford J. â€Å"My Family’s Experiment in Extreme Schooling. † New York Times. New York Times, 18 Sept. 2011. Web 17 Sept. 2011 Maceri, Domenico. â€Å"Plural Benefits of Bilingual Education. † San Gabriel Valley Tribune (California) (2006). Print. Sun, Vancouver. â€Å"The Benefits of Bilingual Education. † The Vancouver Sun (British Columbia). Print. Zabetakis, Amy. â€Å"PROPOSITION 227: DEATH FOR BILINGUAL EDUCATION? † Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 105-28 13. 1 (1998). Web. 18 Oct. 2011. Bilingual Education

Human Relations 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Relations 2 - Essay Example The process takes place as it is revealed to the therapist by the unfolding of past happenings impacting the present by increasing the horizon of awareness. It helps the client comprehend and adjust to opposing elements by reorganizing their different aspects. The gestalt therapist helps in identifying the client’s dire needs, problems, and interests. By conducting experiments, such figures are highlighted and hurdles to realizations and awareness are explored. Like other major approaches, the gestalt approach has its strong and weak areas. Strengths of the gestalt approach: In gestalt approach dialog with the client is held in a lively and creative way to bring out and identify the current life issues. Client gets acquainted with self, others, and the environment. The gestalt therapy centers on genuine relationships and dialog. Stress is laid on awareness, field theory, and phenomenology. The approach focuses on the current, on-the-spot experiences of the client. The client learns through creative and continuous use of active experiments, clearing the path to experiential learning. Holistic approach views each experience of the client with equal concern. Without any set pattern, the approach helps individuals to take notice of the threshold between them and their environment. A crucial strength of gestalt therapy is equal involvement of theory, practice, and research. Empirical research plays a crucial part in helping individuals become aware of their environment. The subjective research helps in process and outcome s tudies, indicating that gestalt approach is comparatively better than other approaches for different psychological disorders. It has positive impact on clients with disturbed personalities, psychosomatic problems, and drug addicts. Gestalt approach provides long term after-treatment relief to the client. Weaknesses of the gestalt approach: The gestalt approach

Business BA top up in the UK Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business BA top up in the UK - Personal Statement Example I have some business background, in both education and practice, that I feel is pertinent in reinforcing my reason for joining your institution. I graduated with a higher national diploma in business management, with a human resource option from the North Atlantic College in Qatar, in 2007. From college, I immediately ventured into business practice in various capacities as will be outlined. I first worked as a marketing officer in a local bank before joining Sidra Medical and Research Center, in the human resources department. In this institution, I worked in the capacity of relations administrator in the foresaid department. Currently, I work as a staff relations officer in the same department. In this capacity, I ensure that all the staffs are supported with the right chances of having a development plan. I also assist the staff in choosing the right courses to take and ensure that they get the recommended in-house training. I have played a crucial art in developing the human reso urces department in Sidra as the company improved from a projects’ base to an operations base. In the organization, I also facilitated the employment of the first person with special needs. I play other minor roles as well. In order to excel more in my career, I believe that the education knowledge I currently possess is not enough. I therefore believe that getting a bachelor’s degree in the same field will give me better chances. As I yearn to do even better that I have done, I will ensure that I maximize from my student relationship with your institution. An institution of the caliber that your university boasts of will act as a stepping stone to a brighter future for me. Acceptance into your institution will open a new chapter in my career life, as I seek to excel in business, not just in my country, but all over the world. I look forward to a time when I will make a resounding impact in the business world. On my side, I promise to uphold the utmost moral

Research Paper Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Paper - Research Proposal Example The 1890s also saw an increase in the numbers of single women. Free from the normal responsibilities that society placed on adult women, the single women had the opportunity to pursue education or find other ways of improving their own lives. They would inevitably embrace the cause of feminism. The eventual success and spread of feminist ideals at the turn of the 20th century in Britain happened in spite of feminism organizations, and not because of them. This is because there were significant social class issues within the organizations that constantly threatened to undo the work that they accomplished. At the turn of the 20th century, women who believed in feminist principles could be found across all social classes in Britain. Women, as a group, were discriminated against on the basis of their gender in different respects, and so would support any efforts to improve their lot. However, not all of them publicly proclaimed their support of the suffragettes, as British Feminists referred to themselves. Vocal feminists were a minority in all social classes. The working class feminists were more vocal than those in other classes because they combined feminist objectives with trade-unionism, and so had a larger platform on which to address the need to recognise women rights. One of the most famous feminists of this period was Emmeline Pankhurst, who was from the middle class. In 1903, Mrs. Pankhurst formed the Womens Social and Political Union (WSPU) whose members would engage in public demonstrations which drew the nation’s attention. In 1897, Millicent Fawcett, another feminist, had launched the National Union of Women Suffragists. Millicent Fawcett was from a more privileged background than Emmeline Pankhurst, and supposedly looked upon her rival with contempt. However, it would be Mrs. Pankhurst’s efforts on behalf of women that would be

Financial Accounting Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial Accounting Theories - Essay Example ..that are taken for granted in current accounting research". Political Economy Theory (PET) is divisable into two broad streams of thinking. One being the Classical Political Economy Theory, the other, Bourgeois Political Economy Theory. For the purpose of this writing the Classical Approach will be the main focus. Classical Political Economy Theory follows the basic ideas of P.E.T, but goes further in its bid to highlight and scrutinise structural conflicts and inadequacies within society. The followers of the Classical approach are of the strong opinion that within society even in these modern and seemingly liberal times, a class divide is still very apparent. This theory is based around the works of such philosophers as Karl Marx and therefore opposes the very basis of the Capitalist system. In the writing of Howieson (2006) it is stated that "a Classical Political Economy places structural conflict, inequality and the role of the state at the heart of the analysis". The Critical Perspective is a branch of the Classical Political Economy Theory. ... Critical theorists do not simply question which methods of accounting should be used, instead they investigate the role accounting as an entity takes within society and cast doubt upon the very underpinnings of the profession. In order to understand the critical theorist's view of unregulated corporate disclosures, the bigger picture of their theory must be investigated. The basis for most of the Critical theorists judgements is based upon the idea that "most rights, opportunities and associated power resides in a small (but perhaps well defined) elite," Deegan (2000). They believe that power is not spread evenly throughout society and is not something one can easily acquire but is instead controlled by this so-called "elite". Included in these elite are those who are already in power and who use this power to remain in such a position while also keeping those without power in a position where they will not be able to achieve power. The Critical view is that these elite will inevitably wish for their own good to maintain the status quo, which is already in existence and is to their benefit. If these powerful individuals were to work towards giving more opportunities to those without power it would decrease their own power level, and, in effect, their social standing. The only people who would benefit from the radical reforms, which would be entailed in the re-distribution of power throughout the various social levels, are those who do not have the ability to bring about those changes. The elite comprises of, the state, those who hold a large capital share in the economy, accountants, accounting researchers, large corporations etc. These groups of powerful people may seem very separate, but, are in fact interlinked in their control of power

Discuss three obstacles to your education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discuss three obstacles to your education - Essay Example The financial obstacle poses as a serious problem in the wake of my educational basis. I am usually worried due to these issues and I make every effort to make sure these problems get solved sooner rather than later. I have decided for my own self that I will work so that my fees could be made affordable but that has put me in a quandary since balancing studies and work at the same time is a Herculean task. However my efforts are pretty much in line with my aims and objectives and I believe one need to have a very clear conscience in order to reach his goals. Same is my case where I have been devoted towards my studies and my work in a whole-hearted manner. Apart from these, I face problems in the emotional aspect when I am unable to come up to the expectations that an educational facility has from its students. The aspect of my family within my studies is significant since I am unable to give them much time and the discussion of ‘quality time’ for the family is absent from the whole scenario, which is unfortunate in entirety. There is also an obstacle in the form of balancing my studies with my work which becomes a difficult thing at the end of the day. My academic obstacle becomes a serious concern with the ever-changing curriculum requirements. This obstacle does not seem to come to an end however I have made serious efforts to address the very same on a consistent basis. I am doing my best to overcome them but then again it is always difficult to manage one’s expenses, work and study – all at the same time. Someone or the other will miss out on the whole agreement that a person is usually tied up within. In my case, this largely focuses on my educational patterns. The financial, emotional and academic obstacles are indeed venomous in nature as far as my educational regimes are concerned. I need to do a lot of catching up in order to become an educated person at the end. I need to give my best towards studies so that the emotional

Viral Marketing Campaign for the Movie Cloverfield Essay

Viral Marketing Campaign for the Movie Cloverfield - Essay Example The marketing for this movie was solely based on exploiting the adventurous instinct of the humans and a deliberate effort was made to create an environment that greatly boost the chances of the movie to do good on the box office and it did. Many sites on the internet boasted the marketing campaign of the movie which many termed as mouth watering technique to money and consumers closer to you. The recent presidential campaign of Barak Obama is also dubbed as viral marketing technique to raise funds for his electoral campaign as he has been able to better the fund raising efforts more than the money making machine of Clintons’. Thus no technique, no source has been more effective and efficient than viral marketing in terms of exploiting the social bond between people. In a world where community concepts are being limited to the FACEBOOK.COM and ORKUT.COM virtual spaces, viral marketing is something which have the power to tap the changing social structures of the society. So what actually Viral Marketing is? The subsequent section will discuss about it so be prepared to read about one of the most fascinating tricks of modern corporate world Viral Marketing is a technique which uses already existing social networks to produce and increase awareness of a brand or to achieve other marketing objectives through self-replicating viral processes, analogous to the spread of Pathological and computer viruses. In its essence, viral marketing is marketing phenomenon where people use to spread word of mouth for a product or service and it spreads, it tend to get much bigger and bigger in its scope and influence. This kind of viral marketing can take place through various means mainly through the use of internet. The sources on internet include video clips, flash games, eBooks etc. since most of these tools are feely available to most of the people using them therefore it becomes fun and adventure to follow the marketing techniques

Leaders' Attitudes and Computer Use in Religious Congregations Essay

Leaders' Attitudes and Computer Use in Religious Congregations - Essay Example I tend to determine the possibility of adopting and implementing ‘church planting by producing multiple congregations’ to reach ethnic minority young people in the context of Leeds for the gospel. The targeted group would be the African minority of Leeds. The most effective church planting technique in this situation will be studied. This research paper will focus on church planting within the African community of Leeds. The problem statement is how to reach the ethnic minority young people in Leeds through church planting to help spread the gospel. According to the MS200 Study Guide, there are numerous church planting models. One of the most effective models of church planting, which was essential in the development of this research essay, is the Church Planting by Producing Multiple Congregations. The research sought to incorporate this model because of the establishment of a regular service for children and young people following the achievement of the intended goals and targets1. The research focused on utilization of the efforts of the congregation members to work effectively and efficiently in the course of identifying the youths. In addition, the efforts focused on bringing the youths back to study the Bible, pray together, and worship collectively. Furthermore, Church Planting by Producing Multiple Congregation models indicates the presence of worship service with the intention of exploiting the youth sub-culture, usage of music, and artistic forms, as well as the language of communication in accordance with the preferences of the target audiences2. It is critical to note that the young people continue to be the focus group for various studies. Nevertheless, none of the studies has been crucial in defining the most effective studies in relation to communicating the gospel to the youth.

Western society VS eastern society Essay Example for Free

Western society VS eastern society Essay Western Society VS Eastern Society In After the First Death there was major antagonism between the two different societies, the western (American) and eastern (Arabic) societies. Among the eastern society in the novel, appropriate education, value for life and the individual were merely betrayed and violated, they simply did not exist. However, one thing that did exist very strongly was patriotism. The eastern societies are firm believers in patriotism and are powerful patriots. The western society too believed in patriotism, however not nearly as strongly as the easterners. Yet, they still comprised of the values of life and the individuals themselves. Both sides believed in patriotism in their own ways. Both showed love and devotion to ones country. This was what the major conflict was all about. They both conceived and believed that their ways of life were accurate and proper. Nevertheless, only one side in the end was going to win. Either youre a great patriot or a great fool. (Page 192) This was a statement made by Artkin to the general, Bens father. The general stated that he was both. A great fool for risking his sons life in order to save Inner Delta, and a great patriot because he was willing to loose his own son and to go all lengths merely to save Inner Delta. Education played an immense role in the way Miro and Artkins society were educated, as appose to the American education system. I went to a special school, where I was taught the use of weapons and explosives. Combat: with the knife, the gun, the hands. (Page 124) This was how Miro the terrorist was educated, accompanied by thousands of other egotistic and ruthless future terrorists. Yet, still to this day there is no difference in the education system, and nothing has changed. Dictatorship and absolute authority are still operated in the eastern societies as well as continuing to teach terrorism and total patriotism. Miro had dared not question Artkin-no one was so foolish as to do that. (Page 60) This revealed how Miro was taught not to question authority, as appose to the American society, where questioning is believed to be encouraged and dictatorship is unheard of. Miros assignment was to kill the driver. Without hesitation. (Page 17) Life for Miro, Artkin and other terrorists were meaningless and empty, they did not value or appreciate life. They too were also extremely apathetic when it came to other peoples lives. And inflicting death did not bother him (Miro), neither did the contemplation of the act. (Page 18) That it does not matter whether or not I get away. Whether or not I (Miro) live or die. Whether anyone else lives or dies. I have served my purpose. (Page 217) These two particular quotes illustrated that other peoples lives as well as their own lives were pointless, and that it would not even scare them to see their own lives or other peoples lives perish. Automatically this paints a picture of how the two different societies in the novel lived, and the reason for all the conflict. Both societies had different beliefs and different views on life, which in this case produced major antagonism. Both believed that their way of life was superior to all others, and in order to prove that, they were willing to go to all lengths.

Cable Testing Essay Example for Free

Cable Testing Essay It is important to test the cables before you install them and after they are installed. Although there are many tools that are used for testing the cables in a network this paper is only going to talk about three. The first one is the multifunction cable scanner, they are available for testing both copper and fiber optic cable. One such model is the Hobbes 258898 it can test every pin of almost 20 often used cables from coax to 40 pin ribbon cables. It identifies opens, shorts and mis-wires at the pin level. With a multifunction cable tester you can perform a range of tests that you would normally need a few different testers to do. You can do wire-mapping, test for the length of the cable, test the attenuation, and you can test NEXT (near end crosstalk) for copper cables. They will also test for optical power and signal loss in fiber optic cables. A lot of the multifunction cable testers perform other more comprehensive test such as PS-NEXT, ACRF, PS-ACRF, delay skew, propagation skew, and return loss. The biggest advantage to them is that anyone can use one all you have to do is hook it up and press a button. The biggest advantage is also its biggest disadvantage if you don’t know the specifications of the cables you are installing. Unless you buy one that is configurable so that you can set it to the specifications that you need. The second tool is the Wire map tester. Wire mapping tools send signals through each wire in twisted pair cables and check to see if they are connected to the correct pins on each side. They are the most basic of the cable testing tools but are necessary to use because the most common cause of installation errors is not connecting the wires to the pins correctly. Wire mapping tools can detect broken or unconnected wires along with shorts in the wires all of which can make a wire not work. They are almost always part of multifunction cable testers but it is not always necessary to spend more money than you need to in order to perform this simple task. The third type of tool is a tone generator they are used to figure out which cable is which when you have multiple cables in one area not yet connected. A tone generator sends a signal done the cable you use the probe that when  it is touched to the correct wire will emit a tone that lets you know you have the right one. A tone generator will allow you to find shorts in the wires, mis-wiring and open wires. They are very time consuming to use and it is easier and faster to use a wire mapping tool rather than a tone generator. I believe that every installation kit should include a wire mapping tool and a multifunctioning tool. The reason is simple the multifunctioning tool can test for just about everything you need to test for concerning copper and fiber optic cable installation. The wire mapping tool though can be used for when you are just installing cables for voice communications, or if you have multiple people on a job they can both be using a tool at the same time. References TEST-i Multi Function Cable Tester (PC Cable Tester). (n.d.). 258898, $249.99. Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://sewelldirect.com/TEST-i-Multi-Function-Cable-Tester-PC-Cable-Tester.asp Tone generators and probes— simple yet essential tools in your kit Cabling Install. (n.d.). Tone generators and probes— simple yet essential tools in your kit Cabling Install. Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://www.cablinginstall.com/articles/print/volume-10/issue-12/products-services/product-update/tone-generators-and-probesmdash-simple-yet-essential-tools-in-your-kit.html Wiring Tools Wire Crimper Map Testers Cable Testers Tone Generator firewall proxy | Network Media and Topologies | Comptia N+ Study Guide | Comptia. (n.d.). Wiring Tools Wire Crimper Map Testers Cable Testers Tone Generator firewall proxy | Network Media and Topologies | Comptia N+ Study Guide | Comptia. Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://computernetworkingnotes.com/network-media-and-topologies/cabl e-wire-tools.html

The Mediatization Of Society Theory Media Essay

The Mediatization Of Society Theory Media Essay Hjarvard deduces that media simultaneously become an integrated part of society, not to mention the existence of other new social media. New social media, a set of identity-centric information and communication technologies (ICTs) that enables production and sharing of digital content in a mediated social setting (Studstzman, 2009) such as Facebook and Twitter, have successfully attracted millions of users, many of whom have integrated these sites into their daily practices and transformed them from a situation of information scarcity to one of information abundance. Accordingly, Ronn (2007) in one of his reports noted that social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, are among the most visited sites on the Internet, just behind the major search engines. Facebook for example, as the site grows more popular, claims that it has more than 500 million active users and 50% of users log on to this site everyday (Facebook, 2011), while Twitter records 175 million registered u sers since its first launch in 2006, with around 95 million tweets are written per day (Twitter, 2011). Both Facebook and Twitter equipped with platforms that allow individuals, as cited in Boyd (1997), to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. These platforms not only serve its users as a tool of sharing of life minutiae (Green, 2011) but also seize the opportunity of increasing their engagement in various issues. For example, Facebook and Twitter have played an increasing role in American politics as they become what US President Barrack Obama campaign in 2008 were most successfully noted for. Accordingly, both also facilitate online community to raise fund for Japanese earthquake and tsunami victim as well as assist innovation that plays as a significant role in cultural change. In other word, interactive and collaborative features provided by the platform of social media have made the dimension of political, social and cultural advancement become more prominent. However, it appears questionable to simply claim that social media alternately acts as the ground of political revolution or creates new social identity and induce cultural change (Boyd, 2011, Green 2011, Hoffman Kornweitz, 2011). A single click on Facebook gro up and merely a tweet do not make people politically activated and socially changed. As emphasises by Boyd (2011), it seems to be only a majestical lustre that technologys structure instantly influences peoples behaviour. Correspondingly, Green (2011) also voices an interesting quandary if social media actually enhance the democracy itself. It is reasonable since Facebook and Twitter are not a replace for motivation that at least required for a revolution to be taken place or new community to be formed. Nonetheless, it is likely understandable from current events that social media have the power to pursue and persuade as by providing platform toward political revolution, social community and cultural advancement yet bring negative and positive consequences for those three subjects. SOCIAL MEDIA AND POLITICAL REVOLUTION As mention above, Facebook, in particular, provides three default platforms for its users to convey their political interest (Langlois, 2009). First, users can become fan of politicians profile or page. Second, they can create or join a group and last, they can change their political views in their profile. Among three, becoming a fan or a group is considered to allow users to be more engaged. Once the common interests are created, the Facebook platforms greatly simplify communicating within and to a network via emails, invitation and reminders. Shirky (2011), social media have become coordinating tools for nearly all of the worlds political movement. Prominent example for this argument is U.S. President Barack Obamas election in 2008. As cited from Obamas Facebook groups during the campaign greatly simplify communicating within and to more than 1, 2 millions of his supportersHe also highlights three default ways . Langlois (2009), Addressed by Hoffmann Kornweitz as medium of direct citizen participation, this aggregation of public via the social network does remarkably magnify the engagement of society to the campaign itself, by extending their social activities/participation such as informing others about campaign events, attempting to persuade donations or taking part in activities related to politics without having to sit down face to face! against History of Russia and France are best example of how lack of new social media did not impede both countries revolutions from happening. The media themselves ineffective acted by casual participants which obviously does not guarantee that every political movement of mobilization will succeed, because the state has not lost the power to react. Take Tunisia for example. The only way both governments could immensely stop the quick dissemination of information was to shut down the whole internet. SOCIAL MEDIA AND SOCIAL IDENTITY/COMMUNITY As noted above, new social media such as Facebook and Twitter are potentially able to change the character of our social live. According to . that the new media is changing the way people think, act, and feel. Langlois (2009) stated that social media allows for the emergence of marginalized issue and public: The online informational system provide the material, communicational and social means for a public to exist Therefore, it is likely clear that new social media can be powerful tools for spurring social change, with stressing point that it played a facilitating, mediating role in connections and interactions among its user in society. There are at least three reasons for this claim to be apprehended: Firstly, social media enables creation of dense network that extend human communication abilities in both time and space. According to technological determinism purposed by Mc Luhan, the world now is a global village, where physical distance is even less of a hindrance to the real-time communicative activities of people. Therefore social spheres are greatly expanded by the openness of the web and the ease at which people can search for online communities and interact with others that share the same interests and concerns. Secondly, social medias quick dissemination of information supports new communities to be created, (virtual). Equipped with features that enable for users to be more interactive and collaborative, social media becomes a form of mediated communication that gives the audience access to on-demand content and the ability to share and discuss it with others within seconds. Lets look at Japanese Tsunami and Earthquake for example. Addison asserts in one of his reports that images and videos of Japans tsunami were soon hitting the web just minutes count from the first wave hit Sendai. Thousands messages were then updated via Twitter within seconds, showing of good will, condolences and offering aid for Japan. Social media facilitates such as allowing people the chance to donate to the Red Cross via text message, the donation being added to phone bills. According to the members of the each social medium, there are more than 500 million people are using Facebook and more than 200 million view s on the Youtube for a day. It means billions of audiences are able to share and receive information on the same platform at the same time. Moreover, the information on the social media can be posted and received immediately. Therefore, the information on the social media could be disseminated much faster, compared with traditional media. Thirdly, specifically that the social media is more user generated content, it allows users as news producers. The social media provide a platform for public to advocate social issues. Moreover, it also means the news is not limited by organizations or governments anymore. For instance, for Chinese Jasmine Revolution in 2011, even the Chinese Government tried to stop the situation to be expanded on the social media, it is still held quite successfully. Afterwards, the international media is starting to be conscious to what the revolution was trying to present to public and they are trying to report it to public as well. According to media and social dependency theory (Defleur Ball-Rokeach), for some countries (especially developing countries), if public are uncertain about their society and country, it is much easier for them to rely on the media. It means for some countries, audiences might be easy to follow the issues. In short, social media definitely, developed freedom of speech. With every response and action that results from our engagement, we are slowly introduced to the laws of social physics: for every action there is a reaction even if that reaction is silence. And, the extent of this resulting activity is measured by levels of influence and other factors such as the size and shape of nicheworks as well as attention aperture and time. the concept of community no longer has geographical limitations, as people can now virtually gather in an online community and share common interests regardless of physical location. However, idea of new community in Facebook did not make Obama win his Presidency. SOCIAL MEDIA AND CULTURAL ADVANCEMENT Conclusion Yes, overall it can especially in terms of providing fast, quick and ..platform ,,,. Media scholars argue that social media platforms are tools of self-expression that return a benefit to a public good It is reasonable since Facebook and Twitter are not a replace for motivation that at least required for a revolution to be taken place or new community to be formed. . People can virtually gather in Facebok and Twitter online community or groups, regardless geographical limitations and physical location, which (.). Ronn, K. (2007). Social networking: Closer than you think. Business Week Online, p. 12. Available at: http://www.businessweek.com/careers/content/jun2007/ca20070612_954809.htm Hjarvard, S. (2008). The Mediatization of Society: A Theory of the Media as Agents of Social and Cultural Change. [Article]. NORDICOM Review, 29(2), 105-134.

Learning to Cook: Awakening Queer Tastes :: Sexuality Homosexuality Essays

Learning to Cook: Awakening Queer Tastes The initial stages of vegetarian desire are characterized by what may be termed 'epicuriosity' on the part of the food consumer -- an inclination towards food pleasures beyond the meat-centred menus favoured by North Americans -- but often, the transition to a vegan or vegetarian diet is made difficult by the centrality of omnivorism within popular culture. From frozen TV dinners to foie gras, meat's accessibility as a convenient pre-packaged commodity means that animal products are the accepted norm. And, since popular adherence to the principles of omnivorist consumption culture dictates that the rejection of meat-eating be viewed as a cultural transgression, the choice to adopt a vegan or vegetarian lifestyle is often met with hostility (not surprising given that aggression and defensiveness seem to be standard responses to the suggestion of difference within western social orders). However, this hostility is especially evident towards young vegetarians for whom the choice to adop t an alternate diet is interpreted as an affront to the 'compulsory carnivorism' that is the social and parental expectation of the adolescent. Therefore, the challenge facing the bold vegetarian is one of articulating her appetites to a meat-oriented populace. Queer Subjectivities in formation A similar obstacle faces the adolescent subjects in Leontine Sagan's Machden in Uniform and Sadie Benning's Me and Rubyfruit, who are forced to express their sexual identities and desires from positions defined as marginal in relation to the normative paradigm of heterosexuality. What these characters are faced with is the supremacy of one model of sexuality that pathologizes all other forms of sexual preference as deviance. The importance of these films is that not only do they represent characters whose expressed desires destabilize dominant expectations of adolescent sexuality but that further, by performing such challenges they offer the potential to contest the very system of socialized heterocentrism which impedes the acceptance of queer sexualities. In Machden in Uniform we are offered a peek into the bourgeoning of such illicit desires amongst a group of girls sharing a dormitory at a German boarding school. The girls are represented as exploring a number of erotic fantasies -- some revolving around male film stars but others centred around their teacher, Fraulein von Bernburg. Within the closed environment of the school, the expression of any type of desire is considered a sinful indulgence but it is the expression of homosexual affection that is the least tolerated transgression.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

What can be done about the majority of higher paying jobs going to the white males, and the issue of racial/sexual discrimination in both the workplace and in education? To this, the government already has its so-called solution†¦ affirmative action. Affirmative action forces businesses and colleges to hire a certain number of minorities including women, so as to fill a government assessed quota. The solution is not to get even with the white males by disregarding either their hard work through high school to achieve the grade to get into their desired college or their superiority over a competitor for a job position just because the competitor happens to belong to a minority group. Affirmative Action was created to make up for past prejudices in an effort to create more equality between majorities and minorities. It requires businesses to hire a certain number of blacks, Asian, Latin-American, and women so that it will create more opportunities for people of minorities. Colleges also require a less severe requirement for those of a minority party because the number of the people that did fit the requirement would not fit the quota. Thus, many more deserving majority Americans were denied jobs and acceptance to college because the quota had to be met. Firstly, Affirmative Action promotes the hiring of less skilled workers, thus creating reverse discrimination. It upsets employers, forcing them to choose the best employee from a limited pool of minorities, not just si...

The Black Cat: A Comparison Between The Movie And The Book :: essays research papers

The Black Cat: A Comparison Between The Movie and The Book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are major differences between the film we saw in class and The Black Cat by Edgar Allen Poe. The film had added effects to get the viewer's attention. The film also let out important parts that were in the short story. The short story gave the reader a better background for character analysis. Although the story was much more enticing because the reader knew the main character better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the short story the man(abusive husband) is described as a loving and caring husband, who is very fond of animals. He describes to the reader how his obsession with alcohol is like a disease. He gets more irritable everyday because his cravings for alcohol become greater and greater. He was often physically abusive to his wife. One night the man came home very drunk and violent so Pluto(the black cat) scratched him out of fear. then the man lost his temper and cut out the cat's eye with his penknife. One morning the man hanged the cat from a tree limb with a noose around its neck. That night his house burnt to the ground. In the morning he found a petrified white cat with a rope around its neck in the charred remains. A few days later the man saw a black cat with a white chest and he liked it so much he let the cat follow him home. The cat made itself at home but the man avoided it because of a sense of shame for his former deed. The next day the man noticed that the cat was missing an eye just as Pluto. His wife pointed out that the white spot on its chest resembled the Gallows! The cat made the man trip in his basement one day. So he picked up an ax to kill the cat, and his wife stepped in the way and he put the ax through her brains. The man decided to hide the body and the cat behind a bricked up wall in the basement. The police came and looked at everything. Just before they left, they heard a noise from the basement wall. So they tore the bricks down. Thus they discovered the body and the black cat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film hints that the man was once a loving and caring husband. The wife told her husband he was not the same man she married. The film shows how the alcohol made the man abuse his wife for more drinking money. There is no The Black Cat: A Comparison Between The Movie And The Book :: essays research papers The Black Cat: A Comparison Between The Movie and The Book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are major differences between the film we saw in class and The Black Cat by Edgar Allen Poe. The film had added effects to get the viewer's attention. The film also let out important parts that were in the short story. The short story gave the reader a better background for character analysis. Although the story was much more enticing because the reader knew the main character better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the short story the man(abusive husband) is described as a loving and caring husband, who is very fond of animals. He describes to the reader how his obsession with alcohol is like a disease. He gets more irritable everyday because his cravings for alcohol become greater and greater. He was often physically abusive to his wife. One night the man came home very drunk and violent so Pluto(the black cat) scratched him out of fear. then the man lost his temper and cut out the cat's eye with his penknife. One morning the man hanged the cat from a tree limb with a noose around its neck. That night his house burnt to the ground. In the morning he found a petrified white cat with a rope around its neck in the charred remains. A few days later the man saw a black cat with a white chest and he liked it so much he let the cat follow him home. The cat made itself at home but the man avoided it because of a sense of shame for his former deed. The next day the man noticed that the cat was missing an eye just as Pluto. His wife pointed out that the white spot on its chest resembled the Gallows! The cat made the man trip in his basement one day. So he picked up an ax to kill the cat, and his wife stepped in the way and he put the ax through her brains. The man decided to hide the body and the cat behind a bricked up wall in the basement. The police came and looked at everything. Just before they left, they heard a noise from the basement wall. So they tore the bricks down. Thus they discovered the body and the black cat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film hints that the man was once a loving and caring husband. The wife told her husband he was not the same man she married. The film shows how the alcohol made the man abuse his wife for more drinking money. There is no

Manifestations of Truth in How to Tell a War Story by Tim O’ Brien Essay

How to Tell a War Story by Tim O’ Brien has taken into account various thematic expression and he uses an unusual style to narrate these thematic expression. It a balance-mix of story and reflective essay. O ‘Brien major concern remain the reality of truth. He illustrates various manifestations of truth and manifests that imagination is the major tool to locate the truth. In addition to that he develops a criterion for narrating a war story. â€Å"O’Brien shares the criteria with which the writer or teller and the reader or listener must be concerned by giving an extended definition of what a war story is or is not. The chapter â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story† focuses most extensively on the features that might be found in a â€Å"true† war tale. â€Å"(Calloway, 1995) So story is multifaceted and its narrative technique is advanced as well unique. Tim O’ Brien has critically evaluated the criterion for writing a true war story. O’Brien demonstrates that memory and reminiscence are transient in nature and one can tell a story purely based on his memory. Memory is always prone to mental faculty of creating fiction. Sometime the character or the narrator admits the elements of fictionality in a true war story but mostly it goes unnoticed and unobserved. Same is the case with How to Tell a War Story as Mitchell Sanders admits to Tim O Brien (the protagonist) that although most of his tale is based on fact but there are elements of fiction. Hew says, â€Å"’Last night, man,'† Sanders states, â€Å"‘I had to make up a few things . . . The glee club. There wasn’t any glee club . . . No opera,'† either (O’ Brien, 1998). â€Å"‘But,'† he adds, â€Å"‘it’s still true'† (O’ Brien, 1998). This is not distortion of truth but it is the limited nature of memory to recall things in proper order with minute details that urges human faculties to invent certain details. Furthermore, plain truth is not interesting enough to captivate the attention of the reader and amuse. In a Vietnam War story there can be pathos and miseries, deaths and destruction, but there is nothing pure to tell in the form of a story. O Brien himself explain this; â€Å"I think exercising the imagination is the main of finding the truth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Naparsteck, 1991, p. 10) So memories are true and well as invention simultaneously. In â€Å"Things They Carried†, collection short stories from which this story was taken, O’ Brien he acts as the narrator. So readers suppose that he himself was veteran of the war and observed everything on his own but his are not the first hand account of these tales. They are told by various veterans of wars and were later crafted by O’Brien. So both veterans and the writers has invented certain situations and mingled it with the real story. O’Brien says that it is not unethical or wrong to develop a story in this way. He says, â€Å"â€Å"You’d feel cheated if it never happened. †(O’ Brien). A story is developed on its own and follows a natural pattern. In this way, O’Brien implies that truth distorts when it passes through the mental processes. Various pre-conceived notions, past experiences, prejudices and men’s inventive powers cast its own impression on it. But it is natural phenomenon. O’Brien explains this in the story; In any war story, but especially a true one, it’s difficult to separate what happened from what seemed to happen. What seems to happen becomes its own happening and has to be told that way. The angles of vision are skewed. When a booby trap explodes, you close your eyes and duck and float outside yourself. When a guy dies, like Lemon, you look away and then look back for a moment and then look away again. The pictures get jumbled; you tend to miss a lot. And then afterward, when you go to tell about it, there is always that surreal seemingness, which makes the story seem untrue, but which in fact represents the hard and exact truth as it seemed. (O’Brien, 1998) Readers accept this balance mix-up of reality and invention but O’Brien, however, does not allow his readers to take these things for granted and inquires the whole idea of memoirs, recollections, and the short capability of memory to communicate the reality with accuracy. As far as the narrative structure is concerned, O’Brien himself calls it a mix of essay and fiction. In an interview to Naparsteck (1991) he says that, â€Å"In a way, it’s part essay and a part fiction but in a way it’s neither†¦To me, it has singleness or unity to it. Rather than part things this and part things that, it’s all those things together. †(p. 9) This manifests his idea of truth as a whole. He does not differentiate genuine reality from perceived reality and considers them conflation of each other and they as whole constitute the truth. Unquestionably, truth and fabrication is another theme that Tim O Brien takes into consideration in the story. He is of the view that in narrating a war story, untruth is not conflicting with truth. They are the facets of a single reality. One is real and other is inventive but both are genuine. During the war, truth is unclear and mostly uncertain. It takes varies semblances band is manifested in various contradictory forms. So both true and inventive part of the story seems contradictory but in reality, they are same and equivalent. This paradoxical manifestation of truth is symbolized by the death Curt Lemon. O’Brien as narrator is familiar with the situation in which Curt was killed. He was shot dead by a 105mm round while â€Å"he was playing catch with Rat Kiley†. But as O’Brien recollect this in his mind; he perceives that Curt was killed by daylight. This narration is different from the first one. But none is untrue. 105 round was tool but sunlight also played a major role in his death. Sunlight is also chief cause thus. In this way, O’Brien differentiates between the reality that took place and the reality that appears to take place. No account is untrue but both a different manifestation of same reality i. e. one is real and other is perceived as real. Tim Obrien does not use proper literary devices to convey this dichotomy like Golding does in â€Å"Lord of The Flies† where he use symbol of fire and convey its paradoxical nature. Conventionally, fire refers to destruction and damage but Golding uses it as a rescue symbol when boys trapped in an island use fire to get attention of the passing by ship and in the last, they are saved by the aero- plane that noticed the fire signaling rescue. But mostly, it is not possible to attach two opposite meaning to a single word as beautifully done by Golding in the novel. O’ Brien attempts the same. For example, he says, â€Å"it is safe to say that in a true war story nothing is ever absolutely true,† he generate a contradiction but it is not a single word or a symbols that he utilizes to communicate the paradox. It is the whole context that helps him make this statement. Stephen Kaplan sums up this thematic expression of reality in his book; Understanding Tim O’Brien. He says, â€Å"[O’Brien] completely destroys the fine line dividing fact from fiction and tries to show †¦ that fiction (or the imagined world) can often be truer, especially in the case of Vietnam, than fact. O’ Bren plays with truth in How to Tell a War Story and sometimes fabricates it. The chief purpose is to highlight the paradox of truth and to demonstrate its various facets and manifestations. He leaves it to the readers to discern between genuine truth and perceived truth. The writer’s use of a narrator Tim O’ Brien in this collection of short stories is at the same time appealing as well as disturbing. The confusion deepens when it told by the author that the narrator is a middle aged man telling the stories about the Vietnam War. The use of a narrator is interesting as it forces the readers to think that the story is basically rooted in some real life experiences. It also helps in joining together the disjointed elements in the tales. This tool also helps the writer to play and employ some untruths and marvelous things without suffering from the fear of being questioned for their authenticity. The readers suffer from the problem that is the narrator is just playing the role of a mouth piece for the writer or is he an independent character. However, by using this device the writer is able to convey the message to the readers that what is discussed in the story as truth is somewhat similar to what actually happened during the war. If the reader accepts that the narrator is reliable and he is telling the truth than he faced a dilemma. As in the beginning of the stories the narrator tells that he is a real person and going to tell real stories and in the end he tells them that everything that he has just told is just falsehood. The author might be using this illusion to convey the readers a way in which a war story should be told and the basic truths that these war stories carries. He might also be trying to make a point that the story is basically true and logical though it may not have actually happened in the Vietnam War. The construction of this collection of stories is not following the traditional way of telling the stories. There are stories within a story that are linked very beautifully together in a novel way. Each story is basically an endeavor, on the part of narrator, to make a point clear. In order to explain or discuss a thought or experience the narrator start telling another story. These stories, are however, not linked in the traditional way. On finishing the book the reader is made to realize the truth as an organic whole, in a strange way, and not in the ordinary way as is the truth in conveyed to them. In this style of story telling the writer is not bound to follow the chronological flow of time. He is free to roam about according to his will. He can discus the realities and the sequence of the happening of events according to how he deems it right and not by the traditional way of doing it. The writer is basically of the view that the ‘war stories’ need to present the ‘true illustration’ and it need not to indulge in ‘analysis’ so it is important that the short stories should remain true to the reality and the long story or the parent-story need not to be something actually happened in reality. Rosemary Kings explain this phenomenon in this way; O’Brien’s word play in the title hinges on the definition of â€Å"true,† a word he uses alternately throughout the story to mean either factually accurate, or something higher and nobler. He does this through three embedded narratives: Mitchell Sanders’s narration of Curt Lemon’s death; the narrator’s description of hearing Sanders’s story; and Tim O’Brien’s commentary on how to tell a true war story. (n1) Each narrator claims his story is an authentic retelling of events as they occurred in Vietnam, asserting the historicity of their narratives. (King, 1999) The structure of the book is such that the chapters and the short stories are basically there to help the readers understand the real story, the real and the tangible truth. These are basically the ‘things’ carried by the parent story. The comments of the narrator helps the reader understand the organic wholeness of the story just as the chapters in the long story are connected together by the connecting views and ideas of the author thrown here and there in the long story. Rosemary King also highlights the importance of title of the story; â€Å"O’Brien’s title delivers punch not only through the conflated definition of true but also through the distinction of what makes a war story â€Å"true. † He underscores the importance of manipulating what actually happened to get at the essence of truth. † Above-mentioned discussion and supported arguments and evidence clearly manifest that O’Brien has successfully asserted that truth has paradoxical nature and it can be conveyed as a whole i. e. a balance mix- of what happened and what seems to happen. In reality this pradox dissolved in a complete whole. He further illustrated that human mental processes modifies the objective reality. His own description of reality from the subjective point of view of the narrators in the story is a skillful representation of this phenomenon. Thus his story is a successful example of metafiction.

Sharon Olds: from Psalms to Satan Says

A nonher common trait of confessional poesy is that the speaker will wear near form f mask to detainment the author a sm alone shore external from the speaker. While Olds doesnt create a mask take awayly, she never directly reveals that it is her in her m some(prenominal) narrative verse forms. The confessional movement wasnt spurred by grand event but was powerfully influenced by Sylvia Plant, Allen Ginsberg, and Robert Lowell. Olds TLD begin her work at the peak of the movement in the sasss and 1 asss.While she did non have a go bad in the creation of the movement, she did carry on the movement into the present day. Poet Sharon Olds is best know for her deeply personal content and her courage tit vulgarities and the comfort with which she approaches sensitive subjects such as the dark side of family Interactions and sex. She Is compulsive to write by her philosophy shared in an Interview with Michael Lackey that If somebody Is given the dower to write, that they should give that gift to the world.In that same interview, Olds states that poetry should get come out of the closet there. The events that likely created this poet were her childhood experiences that appear to be present in her writing. Analysis In the loss-of-innocence poem, l Go Back to whitethorn 1 937, imaginativeness is dominant. From he beginning, the imagery of the fabricators parents Is seemingly harmless. The father Is seen strolling under the loaded of the college gate, leaving his college life behind him, not caring at tout ensemble. The arch Is a large, dashing structure symbolic of the fathers large, proud nature.The fathers lay out being breakd as arrogant, handsome, and blind is a kind of direct characterization the storyteller views the father as arrogant and blind. In contrast, the mother is seen rest still, not going anywhere. Holding books on her hip, shes holding on to the college, not to that degree ready to leave. The structure the mother Is stand up In front of is made up of a multitude of small bricks, screening a delicate and complex nature. The mothers face Is described as hungry, pretty, and blank. Hungry describes her postulate for more, be it marriage or to puzzle at the college.Blank is one of many methods Olds uses to describe the parents as naive and innocent. The parents are often described as innocent and unable(predicate) of knowing what their futures would hold. It almost appears that the narrator is excusing a crime not yet committed. unawares after, the poem turns bleak In an Instant. In string 19, the chance for any reliable to come of the poem Is lost. The feeling of desperation that has set in as, despite all the pleading the narrator can muster, this is exactly a memory and her cries fall silent.The latent hostility grows until the narrator takes a turn for the furious when describing the striking together of the paper dolls, still taking responsibility away from the parents by implying they were pow erless to the horrible things they would do. The poem ends in resignation as she give up her pleas and tells the parents to do what they will do. In 1954, Sharon Olds uses a frantic, fearful tone to describe the forecast of a onus girl earshot the media border the Burton Abbott case, a murder and aver molestation in California. The entirety of the poem circles around fear.From the very first line The dirt scared me, the narrator describes all of the things that cause her to be afraid surrounding the case. The flow of the poem is very obdurate and awkward because of the broken sentences and enjambment of the lines. This creates a frantic mood, almost as if the narrator is speaking out of breath. The fear the narrator heaps on herself worsens with each connection she makes to the victim. The speaker connects her acne to the eczema on the victim who she feared was killed for not being flawless as suggested by the marked paper found on the body.The speaker describes Burton Abbott in plain language to stress his normal appearance. The narrator says that Abbott took away what Id thought I could count on about fiendish, meaning that the narrator realizes that evil can manifest itself in any form, even the most innocent looking. awe turns to pity when the narrator begins speaking of Abbots execution. In the line death to the person, death to the infrastructure planet, Olds s protesting the eye-for-an-eye punishment that Abbott was to receive.

Description of Grace

A comment OF GRACE By Em domainuel O. Obiorah Jos, Plateau State twenty-seventh March, 2013 GRACE INTRODUCTION The al-Quran approval is not a new say to most ghostly circles. Among deliverymanians, such adjectives like amazing, extravagant, shaper and awesome shake up been substance abuse to qualify the condition knock d induce with sever each(prenominal)y depicting its importance to the Christian faith. Our concern in this work is to describe and analyze this forge- benignity for a better, crypticaler and more fulfilling understanding of its pass. We hope that this would be of spacious bles infernog as we consider this word which counterbalance us what we atomic number 18 today- Christians. Definition of the wordIn the Old Testament, the Hebrew word for bedight is Cbiddy ( ). Strongs agreement delimitate this word as prefer, decorate or charmthe moral quality of kindness, displaying a favorable dip. Chen was translated as gentleness thirty eight times in the mightiness James translation. It was too translated favour twenty-six times, in two ways as gracious, once as winning, and once as precious. The classic word charis ( ) was used for fancify in the New Testament. Strongs Concordance defined charis as the state of kindness and favor towards some whizz, a good deal with a focus on a benefit given to the object. Another Greek word that is related to charis is charisma (khar-is-mah- gracious reach) both of which originated from the Greek word chairo (to rejoice, be glad, delighted) (Olowe 2011a). According to Olowe (2011b), invest prat be simply defined as an un moral excellenceed place of graven image to assist and to equip compositionhood. This intend that leniency get intos in form of tending, potential or re stock. It is a favour with which one receives with let on any merit of his own, the commit of augur blow up, the gift of faith, knowledge, holiness, virtue.The thrift of divine pity is that through it t he pardon of sin and eternal buyback is appointed to evildoers in servant of the merits of Christ laid hold on by faith. Grace or gifts (as it is sometimes referred to) also denotes extraordinary powers that distinguish certain Christians by change them to serve the church of Christ. Grace motivates Christians to exercise on the whole the Christian virtues the response of which is due to the power of divine embellish operating on their brains by the holy place flavour (Olowe 2011b).The Catholics on the other devolve defined Grace (gratia, Charis) largely as supernatural gift of divinity to intellectual creatures (men, angels) for their eternal salvation, whether the latter be furthered and attained through salutary acts or a state of holiness (Knight 2012). Having considered the various definitions, this writer believes that Grace is a divine enablement or favourable disposition towards an undeserving person to do or stick what such a person would not affirm been or done without such enablement. Genre of the word GraceGrace is a theological term which is present in and among many religious groups other than Christianity. However, there ar signifi after partt differences betwixt the ways these other religions use the word benevolence. Even within Christianity, there be differing conceptions of leniency. Infact the differences in the view of Grace including the so-c alo quest controversies of devoid blow up which space may not solelyow us to discuss in this work made woodpecker Gothard describe bedight as the watershed that divides ordinaryity from Protestantism, Calvinism from Arminianism, and modern liberalism from conservatism(Olowe 2011a).One of the differences in the views of the concept of Grace is that while the Protestants believe that supernumerary bedeck of deity merchant ship only be veritable through the flavor of divinity, the Catholic doctrine teaches that beau ideal uses the sacraments to facilitate the recept ion of this coldcock (Knight 2012). Protestants on the other hand gener any in whollyy held the view that even without the sacraments divine lenience has been imparted by perfection to humanity. Theological discussion of the word- Grace give and Grace argon sometimes used interchangeably because Grace manifests as a gift from graven image. immortals beautify is upon all humanity.Even though salvation is the greatest gift God has given to all mankind, it is not the only gift man receives from God. Olowe (2011b) pointed out that the Grace of God is unlimited and are in five forms. These are Material Universal Grace (Gifts of Matter and Time), Spiritual Universal Grace (Gifts of the disposition and the human Spirit), Spiritual Special Grace (Gifts of charming (divine) Spirits), nobleman Universal Grace (Gifts of Favor and Restraint) and forebode Special Grace (Gift of Salvation). Two forms of this grace come from special grace and three from universal grace (Olowe 2011b).U niversal Grace is to be seen as the grace that God bestows on all mankind whether believers or unbelievers as re parentages to give good works. On the other hand the atonement of sins by the blood of rescuer is the source of the Special Grace of God. The above five forms of grace are classified under three categories divine Grace, Material Grace and Spiritual Grace. cleric grace Divine Grace whether universal or special generally involves Gods direct discourse in human lives. Divine universal grace and divine special grace are not resources for fulfilling good works.Their general object is to provide assistance to man in reaching God and in faithfully implementing stewardship. Divine grace gives recollecting and purpose to disembodied spirit. The major difference between divine universal grace and divine special grace is their manifestations. Divine special grace (gift of salvation) manifests in the salvation of the sinner and it is a long term grace that can last for ever if no apostasy occurs whereas divine universal grace manifests in making accomplishable the other forms of grace and it can be an instant(prenominal) or a short term grace.Material grace Material Grace is the only category of grace that is totally universal and not special in nature. Material Grace is for both believers and unbelievers and is gifts of matter and time. This gift include the universe, the earth, and all other resources including, the air, the sea, animals, minerals, plants, sun, moon, rain, snow, and so on. These things are available to both believers and unbelievers and were graciously given to all men by God.Paul observed that this grace is a prove of Gods love for man when he verbalise to the people of Lystra Nevertheless he (God) left not Himself without witness, in that he did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruitful seasons, filing our heart with viands and gladness (Acts 1417). This was in agreement to the course of Jesus that God requireth his s un to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the conscionable and the un undecomposed (Matthew 5445). This grace is for all. The essence of this grace is for man to use these gifts to get provisions and to implement good works. Spiritual graceSpiritual Grace whether universal or special is the only resourceful grace that resides in man. Spiritual grace determines the ability of each man. No two persons may give way exactly the uniform spiritual gifts as the scripture puts it but all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing to any man singly as he leave behinds (1 Cor. 1211) . It is a gift that enables man to relate to God and this gift is received by believers only (special). Spiritual universal grace on the other hand is the gift of the soul that enable man to relate to his fellow man and to his environment and also of the human spirit.It is that inner inclination in man to relate to God or to other spirit beings (gods) (Olowe 2012). The Grace of God expresses itself as a combination of many attributes of God, especially mercy, goodness, compassion, and love. In many verses in the Bible, these attributes are interrelated and a combination of two or more stresses the Grace of God (Eph 2 4-5 Ps 1458 Exo 3319). Unlike the above view, the Catholics distinguished between only two forms of grace which are the pass(a) help to act (actual grace) and the permanent state of grace (sanctifying or justifying grace).The former (actual grace) has a fourfold meaning. In a subjective sand, it signifies good will or benevolence and in its objective smack it refers to every favour proceeding from this benevolence (good will) and thus every gratuitous gift. The latter (sanctifying grace) is the gratuitous gift of his life that God makes to us it is infused by the Holy Spirit into the soul to heal it of sin and to sanctify it (Grace and vindication 2012). Charles Wesley calls this sanctifying grace the sustaining grace that leads believe rs towards perfection (sanctifying grace 2012).A nigher look into the Catholic concept of actual grace would reveal the literary value of the word grace. tangible grace describes grace further as ostensibly effortless yellowish pink or charm of movement, form, or proportion or a characteristic or quality pleasing for its charm or shadowiness. This grace is also seen as a sense of fitness or propriety or a temporary immunity or exemption a reprieve having the notion of mercy clemency (Grace 2012). It is believed to be that admiration or charm as hen the bible said that Let the beauty of the professional our God be upon us (Psalms 9017). This is because beauty or charm attracts benevolent love and prompts the conferral of benefactions (blessings). This goes to explain why grace is also used in literary or secular circles for each clemency in the court and manner of conceptualization or poise. This grace also way the expression of gratitude from a person who has received ble ssing or favour by giving of thanks. This is where blessing of meals comes to play. The word gratiae (plural of gratia) also stands for thanksgiving.Kevin Knight (2012) connected this beautifully when he said that Universality of grace does not negate with its gratuity, if God, in virtue of his will to save all men, distributes with sovereign liberty his graces to all adults without exception if the universality of grace is only a result of the Divine will to save all mankind, we must inaugural turn our attention to the latter as the derriere of the former. This goes to say that the universal grace that God gave to all human is to the achievement that they be drawn scalelike to God by the salvation of their soul on the merit of Christs blood. and so according to Knight, universal grace (actual grace) is the basis or foundation for special grace (sanctifying grace). One movement that most theologians often ask about the matter of grace is the question of mans free will. The bib le said that it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of His good pleasure (Phil. 213). The question so is if man needs grace to act or decide then where is his free-will to make choices on his own?Knight (2012) responded to this by observing that there is a grace which precedes the free determination of the will and other which follows this determination and co-operates with the will. He is of the opinion that grace does not destroy mans free will but co-operates with it. This grace helps the believer to make decisions that would glorify God and for the unbeliever, gives him an option to choose the right. The closing will of God for this grace is not automatic that any should perish, but that all should come to penance (2 Peter 39) and to remain in the faith.Knight puts it nearly when he opined that this grace is a way of God protecting the believer against declination into sin and with the final experience of a happy death (Knight 2012). ledger text and its in terpretation. Most times the particular meaning of Grace could be understood from the context in the passage in which the word is found. For instance, in Romans 51-2 Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ By whom also we have nark by faith into this grace wherein we stand Grace in this context is something that is God-given and is made possible only through Jesus Christ. This is Gods gift of salvation granted to sinners for their salvation. This is the divine grace or as in the Catholic parlance the justifying grace. It is that unmerited mercy (favor) that God gave by sending his son to die on a cross and thus delivering eternal salvation to humanity. Another example is to be found in Luke 240 And the child grew, and waxed secure in spirit, filled with wisdom and the grace of God was upon him. In this example when using the definition of grace to mean unmerited favour it does not make sense. The reason is that the sinless Christ w ould not need the unmerited or undeserved favour of salvation. Thus grace in this context literally means favour or attractiveness. It could also mean divine enablement which does not necessarily bring one to salvation but as Olowe (2012b) puts it this grace is the resources to implement good works Also in Galatians 54 which reads Christ is become of no effect unto you, whosoever of you are justified by the law ye are tumbleen from grace. It would not make any sense to interpret grace in that context as unmerited favour for how can one fall short of grace through pride or attract grace through meekness (James 46 Galatians 54) if it is unmerited? Grace in this context is the empowering Presence of God enabling you to be who He created you to be, and the power that God gives us to do his will(Olowe 2011a). This suggests that the empowering is subject to being connected to the source (God). This then holds that sin could make one fall away from such empowerment.Any form of disobedienc e is rebelling against the will of God and thus a fall from grace (divine empowering). CONCLUSION John Newtons dire Grace remains the greatest hymn of all times. This song was written by a man who described himself as once an infidel and Libertine, a servant of slavers in Africa. He testified that it was by the rich mercy of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ that he was preserved, restored, pardoned, and appointed to preach the faith he once long labored to destroy. This story of Gods amazing grace shows the power of God in transforming lives.It is the story of hope for all men, sinners and canonizes alike. trust that the sinner can still return to God and be accepted by Him. Hope that the saint need not depend on his violence for victory over sin. Hope that we could be co-opted into the avail of God and function effectively because grace is available. The take exception before the church therefore is not just to sing about this grace, but to be so motivated by its power that w e would carry this message of Gods grace to the unsaved neighbours and friends approximately us. May this be our passion and mission REFERENCEAbi Olowe (2011). Grace of God. Houston Omega Publishers. http//www. graceti. com/books. asp viper? bkid=7. Abi Olowe (2011). The Five Forms of Grace. Houston Omega Publishers. http//www. graceti. com/books. asp? bkid=1 www. scborromeo. org/ccc/p3s1c3a2. htm. Grace and justification- St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church. www. olrl. org/Lessons/Lessons8. shtml Lesson 8 sanctifying grace. www. gbgm-umc. org/umw/Wesley/walk. stm. Grace Easton Bible lexicon version 2. 0. 0 Vintech Systems (accessed 03 October, 2012) http//www. illumina. com/encyclopedia/hymns/amazing_Grace